FILM TITLE IDEAS

We thought of many names for our film opening and after discussing the connotations and relevance of each to our flm opening, we came up with:

- Changes
- The Three of Us
- Our Route
- Way we are
- Loving Jennie
- Swings

After deep thought, we decided to shortlist it to :
- The Three of Us
- Way we are
- Loving Jennie

We then decided on the name 'Loving Jennie'  as we believed it suited the film. We got the idea from the previous film called 'Loving Annabelle',  a lesbian based film which came out in 2006. We feel that the name is short but meaningful, and in a way denotes our film as our main character is called Jennie and our co stars are all involved with her.

Posted by Kulsuma/Shahnaz

SHOOT UPDATE: Monday 28th November

Shoot 1- Update

As we filmed the beginning of our opening, we all took still images of our work and efforts in progress.

(Bedroom Scene)

Upon beginning to film, we realised a few aspects of our prepared storyboard (this includes certain camera shots etc) in execution wasn't either practicable or something we felt added anything to the scene or atmosphere we were trying to achieve, but we also added a few new shots:

- The extreme close ups of Jennie's mouth and nose etc was not needed nor adding anything. Only a extreme close up of her eye is needed, to signify the beginning and entrance of her dream.
- The shot where Jennie reachs for her bra on the bedside table; instead we simply placed the bra in the background of the shot. We'd rather leave it to the audience's imagination as what whose bra it is etc.
- We added a low angle shot of the messy floor of the bedroom; this is to, not only establish the setting a bit more. but also because the props scattered across the floor are each significant into understanding who the character(s) is and implies certain events maybe that could have previous happend that resulted in the room being messy like that.
- We also added a pan where Jennie goes towards the window and we managed to get a close up of her face looking out the window  (A reflection of her face against the window)

PICTURES TAKEN BY: SHANHNAZ, STEPHANIE, KULSUMA, TOSIN

POSTED BY TOSIN

TESTS SHOTS/CLIPS

TEST SHOTS/CLIPS

We took it upon ourselves to ensure that we are clear about the type of shots we want to include in our opening and just how we will go about constructing it; through filming short experimental shots and clips using a volunteer. 

For example: This is a test shot is of how we would go about the extreme close-up of our main characters eye in the very first clip, entering the dream sequence.

POSTED BY TOSIN

MISE EN SCENE: Characters' Actual Costume- Bedroom Scene

Actual Costumes

Jennie

Jennie's costume was kept as we intended, with connotations to the colour and even style of her attire. The red open vest could connote love, passion, desire, and deep feelings. It could also simply suggest what this character would typically wear to join her partner in bed. In a sense, it is noticeably open which again could play into a vulnerable side to this character and her feminity. (Jennie is also wearing a pair of black leggings.

Shahnaz

We feel even though its very similar to the above characters costume, the connotations mean something rather different. In contrast to Jennie's vulnerable side, the openess of the vest top again could represent the openess she has with Jennie, especially phyiscally. But then also suggest not much regard to full decency (bra showing through) and again suggests what this character would typically wear to join her partner in bed aswell.

Typically the colour white would be symbolic to purity and innocence but we feel that because white is such a prominent, bold but yet basic colour, it could almost represent just how bold and certain this character is in her sexuality. (Similar to Jennie, Shahnaz is wearing a pair of tights)

IMAGES TAKEN BY KULSUMA
POSTED BY TOSIN

SOUND- Acoustic Choice (MattLungleyMusic)

Sound

As we intend the non-diegetic sound in our film opening to be acoustic, we began research into unsigned acoustic artists that produce original songs, as we understand the copy right restrictions on using other songs.

We came across a particular unsigned artist 'MattLungleyMusic' on Youtube with original songs that would be more that suitable for our film opening and just our whole genre and plot in general. We then took it upon ourselves to request permission from him to use his songs in our opening and he fortunately said yes, shown below.

Matt Lungley

 

Below is one particular song we considered as next to perfect for the type of atmosphere and overall 'feel' we intend to create and it would also be synchronous with the events happening.

POSTED BY TOSIN.

CHARACTERS (Changed)

CHARACTERS

Main Character
Name: Jennie Jarnot


  

No particular body or even face type preference, although her brown eyes would be key for the extreme close up shots, but mainly a girl who indeed who has a convincing look of the average 15-17 year old girl. 
Although the results of our audience survey showed caucasian to be the most voted ethnicity for our characters, we think our chosen actress, Jennie above would still be suitable for the part, as she isnt english but yet this aspect stands as almost intriguing, in a sense that the audience could make their own assumptions as to her background, actual race etc.

Character: The Boyfriend

Name: Roland Emojevbe

The male character in our opening, we want to look around the same age of our main character 15-17, not too tall and medium build. We deliberatly chose him to be Black as we think this type of interracial relationship (Roland and Jennie) isn't typical at all but this is for the purpose of keeping the audience generally interested, subverting stereotypes and an impression that our film opening isn't predictable. We also feel that this young couple would suggest an urban feel.

Character: The Other Girlfriend (Changed from Lucy to Shahnaz)
Name: Shahnaz

The other female character featured in our opening is set to be the lesbian lover to our main character. Although only showed for a quick clip, we intend this character to be socially considered pretty in terms of appearance so, with that said we don't wish to play into bold stereotypes of a typical lesbian with the short/cropped hair etc but rather small touches that subtly reflect this sexuality. With this in mind, we decided to use our own group member Shahnaz as we feel she would be appropriate in portraying a convincing lesbian.

POSTED BY TOSIN

MISE EN SCENE: LOCATION (Road)

Road Ideas

Another main scene in our opening is to be set on a street or road. Using a road or street allows the audience to quickly put two and two together and realise the death presumably was caused by a road accident.

We decided after our male character engages in the argument with the protagonist is when he storms out of the house (above) and comes head on with death on the road ahead.

 We intend to get close up shots of our protagonist cradling the lifeless body of the male character in the middle of the road.

POSTED BY STEPHANIE

INSPIRATION: Other AS Trailers/Music Videos/Openings

'The 11th Hour'

- This particular example made excellent use of fast cuts (1.09-1.16) when one of the characters was being hit. The cuts made the impact/hit seem more intense, it was effective in creating tension for an audinence. The non-diegetic sound matched well: as the happenings heightened as did the sound.
For our opening, we think its important that we, as the above example, understand what time of mood we wish to show with the use of sound, ensuring it matches the plot and character actions well. Also for our death scene whereby the male characer gets hit by a car, we think it would be much more effective if we use fast cuts to again, increase tension.



- although this example is a music video, it perfectly makes use of slow motion in exactly the type of scene we intend to as well; an argument scene. Each outburts and gesture clearly shown and exaggerated with the use of slow motion.
The extreme close-ups of the characters face was effective in a sense it really stressed to the camera, just how exactly what she was feeling was written all over her face. Perfect examples of a close up reaction shot.
From about 4.31-4.39 the previous clips of the girl on her journey were cleverly, rewinded to the beginning point; this was a clever editing feature as it really shows just how one decision made on the characters part has this, chain of effect on the rest of the happenings, which i think really pulls the piece together.


Hush

To me, this media production was very creative and the imagination factor of this was very high. The music I thought matched the genre of the clip which I assume is a drama/thriller; the music is mellow and touching just as the sensitivity of the topic is. 
At the beginning of the clip, I feel as if the sepia/black and white effect was very effective as it was of a flashback and the sense of nostalgia was heightened with the lack of colour as if it was a real flashback. The transitions in these 25 seconds suited the purpose of memories as the fading of it made the short clips connected more and reflected how memories are thought and how they fade in and out of peoples heads.
I think the extreme close up shot at 0:46 was very effective and showed real emotion and it was almost as if you could read the actor's mind while she read the letter and her eyes were following the words. The word that stands out at 0:47, 'infertility', makes us comprehend the actor's reaction more and I think this was cleverly done as an extreme close up shot was used straight after this of her eyes again so it's almost like we can feel her sorrow.
The title shows at 1:07 and this is done when, assuming, the main actor has left the room.
The connotations of white for the title can be that of the unknown, an act she does which she may think is innocent but not for the audience and it's a colour normally associated with children.
The fact that the title is on it's own can possibly reflect the loneliness of the actor.
The cuts used from 2:22 which cross cut to the main actress to the mum in the park is a very good editing technique as we see what's happening in both parts rather than just having to focus on just one and missing out on what was happening in the other if it were all in one pan.



POSTED BY TOSIN/NAZ

MISE EN SCENE: LOCATION (Park)

Park Ideas

 The location of the park and especially the bench is a casual setting which represents the comfortable nature of the couple. An open space like a park, we feel is a great place to reflect the couple's open playful and fun nature towards each other. Suggesting just how great things were before the tragic event.

The scenery with the fresh grass and the general outdoors, we feel would suggest the calm relationship between the couple because nature typically connotes serenity and gentleness but the leaves, changing seasons, could also symbolizes that although they may go through harsh times they will still have a stable relationship.
A casual place like this we think adds a sense of realism without making the characters chemistry seem plain.



POSTED BY STEPHANIE

MISE EN SCENE: LOCATION (Bedroom)

Bedroom Ideas

This room may be considered as for the cluttered room scene as there is a sence of unorganisation and no structure of the room which is what we want to be reflected in the scene. However, this room hastoo much of a boy-ish ora which is not what we are going towards even though there is a lesbian couple involved.

As there is a calm structured feeling to this room, it will be considered as the structure needed in our film, opening. Although there is a sereen feeling, it may be too structured and basic for the idea we are going for as although they are happy there is almost an emotional wall blocking one of our charactors because of the loss and suffering she has gone through.

This is an ideal setting of a cluttered room we are aiming for as in the scene we are creating, the clutter will not be overwhelming but will have a particular unplanned organisation feel to it. As the camera is tilting this will also give a good effect as we will be able to see the details of what is on the floor and will then explain why it has been placed there.



Our actual choice of Bedrooms

                    

As mentioned above, we intend the room to be not too feminine and not too orderly. We feel that the above two options for our bedroom scene are plain enough, sort of a blank canvas, ready and suitable for us to add certain props (clothes and extras to make the clutter) that we feel will reflect the protagonist and create a more personal feel. 

We want collectively the room and mise en scene to slightly reflect the character in a way that can maybe not be immediate know through speech or action.

 

POSTED BY STEPHANIE



Videography Plan - Shooting Script

Shooting Script

We are going to have two scheduled days for shooting the film opening.

These two days will take place on :

Day 1: Monday 28th November 2011- Bedroom Scene
Day 2: Sunday 4th December 2011- Park/Road Scene

Day One Shoot:

Start Time: 12pm
Approximate Duration: 90minutes
Finish Time: 1.30pm


The bedroom scene will take place in Tosin's house as her bedroom is suitable for the image we are trying to create. We consider it not the typical teenagers bedroom but plain enough for us to create a whole new atmosphere with our certian props.

As Stephanie is in charge of the props, she is going to create clutter using:
Clothing (that the characters had previously been wearing)
Make-up
Baby Wipes (with make-up on it)
Magazines
Shoes


Tosin is going to be bringing the tripod and the camera as the shooting will take place in her house. Everyone involved (excluding actors) will take it in turns to film and everyone will contribute to the directing of the actors.

Costume

Jennie- Red vest top/black short or pants
Lucy- white vest top/red shorts or pants
Make-up

Jennie/Lucy Natural (Minimal- balm, clear mascara etc)

Props:

Bra
Clothes/Heels/Make-up/Magazines
Alarm Clock


People who need to be Present:

Shahnaz
Stephanie
Tosin
Kulsuma
Jennie
Lucy
Extras:
Black bed covers.
Natural lighting/Partial Artificial Lighting.


Day Two Shoot

Start Time: 1pm
Approximate Duration: 120minutes
Finish Time: 3pm

This scene is mainly going to be shot at a local park, especially surrounding a bench but the death scene requires any road, which we will probably film nearby to the park. The argument scene that comes just before the death scene has currently been decided to be shot at Tosin's house but this may change, if needs be.
(Same roles as Day One Shoot)

Costume:

Jennie- Optional but MUST have colour and feminity (e.g skirts, vest tops, pumps etc)
Roland- Optional (Jeans/Trousers, Jackets, Polo/Tshirts etc)

Make-up:

Jennie- Mascara, Eye-liner, lip colour/gloss, foundation (optional)
Roland- (Death scene) Fake wound/blood

Props

Guitar
Cigarette (optional)

People who need to be Present:

Shahnaz
Stephanie
Tosin
Kulsuma
Jennie
Roland

Extras:
Fake blood (Flour, Red food colouring, water and maybe ketchup)
Natural Lighting

Post by Kulsuma.

MISE EN SCENE: Prop Connotation

• There will be cluttered shoes, clothes and other female accessories on the floor as the camera leads towards the bed which will be used to show the chaos in her life and the unorganised nature of her mentally and also in her practical life. The clutter also symbolises the unsurity in her life and the reason why she hasn't cleaned her room may be beacause there will be space for her to see which could mean space for her to think which she may be avoiding because she does not want to remember the lose of her boyfriend

• The wallpaper of the room will be a cream colour which has been done to show that within the uncertainty, there is a stable balance and since the cream is such a neutral and basic colour it also will symbolise the stability and serenity which may be apparent in some aspects of the relationship between the couple. The cream walls also could also reflect just how the girl may be feeling, in a sense: numb and neutral which normally means a position of disengagement. She is avoiding fully letting certain emotions overwhelm her.
• As the bed is black and white, this will contrast with the red clothes. The perception of this will be that although there is passion and love in the relationship (reflected by the red) there is still the feeling of restriction and unhappiness, reflected in the black covers and the white could represent the faint presence of some past innocence on perhaps the girl's part.
• We hope the magazines, CD's and DVD's scattered around the room floor will also highlight the youthfulness and suggest what the protangonist is perhaps interested in.

 POSTED BY STEPHANIE

TYPOGRAPHY- Of movies in our genre

The examples of typigraphy below for different films will help us in deciding which would be most suitable for our own film title; the inspiration of them will help us in designing our own. In this we must consider colour, size and juxtapositioning and it must coordinate with our genre of homosexuality and possibly have connotations to make the title as meaningful as it can be.

This title connotes straight away as the colour of the title is that of a deep crimson representing passion and love. The fact that it is written in a font that looks like actual handwriting may suggest that the love that is within the film is genuine and real and self explanitary just as hand writing is; it's a form of identity and it makes it more personal as if someone has written an actual love letter which fits in with the genre of romance.

The way the words are written are in a very solid and bold font which could connote a sense of solidarity and meaningfulness in what has been written, as if it's almost a promise that has to be kept; "Remember Me". The slight fade in the words however can mirror how memories tend to be forgotten or not clearly remembered.

The red again connotes love and is a bold colour which makes it stand out even more against the white background.

The colours used in this title are that of a very mature colour scheme which reflects the age of the actors in the film which are of an older age. The font is very simple but creates and effect of effortlessness and how something simple can look so elegant even though it is a "traditional" font; this can be age related and suggest the same for older people and how they can still be stylish despite their age and the amount of fashion changes they have witnessed in their life times.

The words 'Dear John' have the colours of white and yellow have been used I think to reflect the gentleness of love and it makes the appearance of it much more softer to the eye which also reflects the softness of emotions. The block capitals makes it seem like it's an important address to someone, John, and because the sky is the background, it could reflect that this is in someone's thoughts.

The typography of this film is very unusual. Even though it's about love, the colours aren't the first you would pick to represent love. The black against white could be a binary opposition of good and evil: black and white. The black can be to represent elegance and power positively or in a negative sense, death and grief. The colour black has worse connotations than the colour white The white however has connotations of light, innocence, purity and cleanliness. Both can connote, however, enigmas and the unknown which is probably why they have been used simultaneously, to create a visual enigma.

POSTED BY SHAHNAZ

STORYBOARD- Changed

Draft 2:

Following up on our previous storyboard we have since made a few changes that we feel with benefit and add substance to the plot, in terms of sticking closely to the genre.

Change 1:
Instead of the montage being very much based in a park location we have added a scene where the couple will be simply 'hanging out', possibly 'messing around' with a guitar. We think this will still show the playful nature of the couple and just how happy and comfortable they were before tragedy hit. (Shown above in the first mid shot)

Change 2:
After reviewing shot by shot our whole film opening,  we realised the transition between the 'happy, chirpy, love-birds' scene in the montage to the scene with the death of the guy, didnt really appear to make much sense and may not be claear, so we decided to add a short clip whereby the couple are having a heated argument which results in the guy storming out into the road and thats where he's hit. But just before, the girl attempts to call out to him, to save him.
This creates a clear enough reason why the girl feels guilty and has reoccuring dreams concerning the death of her boyfriend. We feel that our audience would quickly be able to put two and two together, that she blames herself.

POSTED BY TOSIN

SHOT LIST- Changed.

Shot List: (Changed)

- Close up- Jennie's face (showing her uncomfortable facial expression as she sleeps)
- Extreme close up x4/Zoom in (Into Girls eyelid)- Jennie's facial features
- Fade to white screen- Signifies entering Jennie's dream
- Mid shot/Close-ups/Pan/- Collection of a few clips of Jennie and boyfriend hanging out* (Montage)
- Mid shot/shot reverse shot- Jennie and boyfriend argue
- Pan- Boyfriend storms out the room
- Screen Black Out- (Diegetic sound of a car crashing and possibly ambulance sirens)
- Extreme close up- Of Dead Boyfriends open eye
- Zoom out- Out of the boyfriends eye to the whole limp body.
- Low Angle- Showing the dead limp body being cradled desperately by Jennie.
- Flash to white screen
- Extreme Close up- Jennie's wide eye
- Zoom out- Out of Jennie's eye to her whole face
- Close up- Jenny's abrutly woken/shocked face- wide eyed as lovers hand comes across Jenny's chest.
- Aerial shot/ Birds eye view shot- Showing the entire bed with Jennie and lover.
- Mid shot- Jennie getting up and sitting on the side of the bed, hands on head.
- Mid shot- Jennie's partner wakes up and the pair share brief affection as minor dialogue is exchanged.

Post by Shahnaz, Tosin, Kulsuma and Stephanie

STORYBOARD

Draft 1:

Our storyboard gives a shot by shot breakdown of our entire film opening. This includes the use of sound (diegetic and non-diegetic), camera angles, lighting and transitions.

1. (Head on shot- straight into camera lens) Close up of Jennie's face, as she sleeps.   (Non-diegetic sound begins- fade out sound)
1A. Collection of four extreme close-ups of Jennie's facial features and a zoom into Jennie's eyelid. (Non-diegetic sounds continues)
2. Screen fades to white, to signify the entering and beginning of Jennie's dream. (Previous non-diegetic sounds pauses, transitions to another as montage begins)
3/3A. Montage (within the dream): 4+ clips showing the couples relationship progression and 'good times' e.g memories of them hanging out over a period of time leading up to the death. (New Non-diegetic sounds continues)
4.  (Ending of the montage)- Jennie's boyfreind dies from a fatal car accident. (Diegetic sound of Ambulance Sirens and a faint sounds of a repeating heartbeat)

5. Extreme close up of Jennie's wide eye (Diegetic sound of the heartbeat gradually increases and comes to an abrupt halt as her eye snaps open)
5A. Close up of Jennie's face and chest (as an unexpected hand comes across her chest)
6. Aerial/Birds eye view shot of Jennie and asleep lover on bed.
7. Mid-shot of a disturbed Jennie, head in hands.
7A. Eye-line match/Close up of exactly what Jennie was looking at; Alarm clock covered by a disgarded bra. Pan as Jennie reaches for the bra.
8. Mid shot; affectionate moment between Jennie and her now woken lover. (Dialogue exchange)

Post by Tosin, Stephanie, Shahnaz and Kulsuma

MISE EN SCENE: Make-up

Injury Make-Up
Injury Tutorial -Scar

This video is an easy step by step way to show how to create an scar which we can use in our film opening for the injury scene.
This would be suitable for the effect of the injury we are trying to create and I think we would use this, however, we would need to add fake blood to keep the injury fresh and more sudden. This would also contribute to make a more realistic scene.

If we do not purchase the fake blood from a store, then we can produce it ourselves using : Red food colouring, water and cornflour.

I also tried different techniques using make-up to create an bruise. I used different eye shadows to create the effect shown in the picture below and have discovered that a red/brown coloured lipstick provides a nice subtle sheen to the bruise, emphasising it even more.

Other Make-up

Girls Make-up : Bed Scene

• Clear Mascara
• Lip Balm
• Minimal Foundation to cover blemishes (If needed)

Main Girl's Make-up : Montage Scene

• Blusher
• Lipstick/Gloss to draw attention to the lips
• Black Mascara to define eyes and bring out the eye colour
• Eye-liner (Optional)
• Foundation (If needed)

*** Upon actually filming the death scene, we decided it would be more effective to simply use a large amount of fake blood, rather than scars or bruises etc, scattered on the pavement where the male character dies. -Tosin

Post by Kulsuma/Shahnaz

GENRE THEMES: Sound

SOUND IDEAS

Considering the feedback we received concerning the non-diegetic sound of our film opening, we have researched similar themed romance films which make use of a particular type of music for each individual event or turn in the plot, how we could adapt how they use it and the effect it has.

Examples:

This song would be suitable for the flashback scene of our film opening because it is gentle but upbeat at the same time and this could reflect the bittersweet memories our character has in her dream. This sound track also gives me a sense of nostalgia and this would reflect the reminiscent theme of the flashback.

I feel that this song would be suitable for the flashback in our film opening because personally I sense a feeling of nostalgia in this piece and is of a very reflective tone and I think that this would compliment the whole point of a flashback very well in this segment of the clip, the flashback. It should be muffled at first then the sound should increase when the flashback in her dream starts.

This song is that of just an instrumental and the slow paced but upbeat element to it makes it ideal for a background song for the flashback of the happy moments in the main character in our film opening's dream. It is calm yet reflects the serenity of a good and loving relationship.

I think this song would be ideal for the part of the flashback where the boy in our main character's life dies. The song is morose and quite dramatic to reflect the sudden change that happens in her life and how that this could mean a big change for her. The sadness of the music reflects the pain our main character feels towards this incident.

This piece of acoustic music would be ideal for our flashback in our film opening. It is calm and light hearted reflecting the feeling of love and because of this reflection I feel that this style of music would be appropriate for our film opening.


As a group we have come to the decision of using acoustic music in our flashback and the soft tones of the guitar creates a great impact in showing how something so gentle can be very effective in the subtlest way. 


POSTED BY SHAHNAZ

HISTORY OF HOMOSEXUALITY: General/Film

History of Homosexuality
General social attitudes towards same-sex relationships have varied over time and place. Homosexuality was seen as a psychiatric disorder for many years, although the studies for this theory were later found to be flawed.

 In 1973 homosexuality was declassified as a mental illness in the UK. In 1986 all references to homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder were removed from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association.

The early years of Hollywood, from the 1890s to the 1930s homosexuality was rarely depicted on the screen. When it did appear, it was there as something to laugh at, ‘sure-fire source of humour, object of ridicule’, or something to pity, or even something to fear in some cases. ‘Hollywood taught straight people what to think about gay people... and gay people what to think about themselves in a sense’

It was also in this time a character of the what Hollywood called the ‘sissy’ was popular, such a character was a source of amusement and reassurance for the audience. The sissy was not seen as a threatening representation of homosexuality because ‘he occupied a middle ground between masculinity and femininity.’

From the 1930s to the 1950s, religious and women’s groups criticized Hollywood films for contributing to immorality. As a result, the industry introduced a self-censorship code that affected the portrayal of homosexuality. During these years, films could not feature openly homosexual characters—so homosexuality was implied through a character’s mannerisms and behaviour.

In the 1960s and 1970s,  the event of the women’s movement and the gay rights movement began. While gays and lesbians were becoming more visible and vocal in public life, their representation in films was becoming even more homophobic. At this time, gay characters were often represented as dangerous, violent, or murderous.

It was only in the mid '80s a change hit American theatres, foreign films with gay male protagonists and clear depictions of gay male sexuality began filling theatres across America, getting good reviews and doing well at the box office.

Since the 1990s, Hollywood has improved its portrayal of gay and lesbian characters. But despite these advances, critics say that ‘the industry is still too cautious in its portrayals of gay themes, characters, and experiences.’ Hollywood films are designed to appeal to as large an audience as possible; and producers fear that focusing on gay and lesbian themes risks offending a large portion of the audience, as well as potential investors.

Examples of early movies lesbian, gay or transgender related movies:

• Lot in Sodom (1993) The movie uses experimental techniques, Avant-Garde imagery and strong allusions to sexuality, especially homosexuality.
• A Florida Enchantment (1914)
• Go Fish (1994 American lesbian-themed independent drama film that tells the story of the interrelationships of a small group of lesbian friends in Chicago. Includes a number of discussions on lesbian issues, dream sequences, commentary that breaks the fourth wall.
• My Beautiful Laundrette (1985)
• Philadelphia (1993) American drama film that was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to acknowledge HIV/AIDS, homosexuality and homophobia.
• The Children's Hour (1961)  The film is based on the play The Children's Hour. Audrey Hepburn and Shirley MacLaine play school teachers falsely accused of having lesbian relationship; one of them realizes that she is in love with the other.
  Desert Hearts (1985) lesbian-themed romantic drama film.
• The Leather Boys (1964) British drama film about the rocker subculture in London featuring a gay motorcyclist. This film is notable as an early example of a film that violated the Hollywood production code, yet was still shown in the United States, as well as an important film in the genre of gay cinema.

By Tosin